Briquet-machine.



' PATENTED JULY 17, 1906. 6.666661561611666.

BRIQUET MACHINE.

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. .9m JQW w er No. 826,046. PATENTED JULY1'76,`1906.

R. MORGBNEIER.

BRIQUET MACHINE.

APPLIUATION YILBD SEPT, 7, 1905.

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6- @M Re? No. 826,046. PATENTED JULY 1'7, 1906.

R. MORGENEIER.

BRIQUET MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7, 1905.

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No. 826,046. PATENTED JULY 1'7, 1906.

rR. MORGENEIER.

BRIQUET MACHINE. APPLIQATION FILED SEPT. 7. 1905.

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#Hernals UNITED sriiggs PATENT cierren.

ROBERT MORGENEIER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT FORD JACKSON, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

BRIQUET-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 17, 1906.

.Application filed September 7, 1905. Serial No. 277,430.

I a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Briquet-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of compressed fuel, but more particularly to the machine for the compression or solidification into briquets of coal or other loose or specifically light materials singly or in combination with bituminous or other cementitious substances and the compression of particular materials requiring the presence of considerable heat both in the materials acted upon and in the compression-chambers and pistonsforming the briquets.

With these objects in view my invention consists in the improved construction and novel arrangement of parts of a press, as will be hereinafter more fully described and afterward specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure I is a broken top plan view of my improved briquetpress. Fig. 2 is a broken side elevation of the same with some parts in cross-section and others omitted or shown in part only. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the opposite side of the machine. Fig.4 is a broken front end elevation on a smaller scale, partly in section and partly diagrammatic, of any pair of pistons when at the point of greatest separation. Fig. 5 is a broken elevation of any one pair of pistons when passing between the upper and lower compression-rolls to give the final pressure to the briquets. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the ejec- Fig. 7 is a plan and sectional view,

Like characters of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several figures.

I now proceed to describe the construction and operation of my said press, viz:

On a sole-plate l a flanged pedestal 2 is mounted, and centrically and vertically in the pedestal 2 a shaft 3 is rigidly secured. At the upper end of the pedestal is formed a flange 4, Fig. 2, forming a broad horizontal bearing-surface. In the face of the ange and concentric with the shaft 3 is formed a 'channel 5, within which are placed coldchilled steel balls 6, thereby providing a proper bearing-surface for a disk 7, referably of cast-iron. Within the disk 7 is ormed a downwardly-projecting flanged sleeve 8, forming the hub of the disk, the fiange being faced and grooved for the reception of the balls 6, similar to the flange 4. The bore of the sleeve 8 is such that the vertical shaft 3 fits it, and when the disk is mounted as shown it may be revolved about such shaft after the manner of a loose ulley, and its weight will be carried by the all-bearing 6. As shown in the drawings, the disk 7 is sha ed like an inverted circular pan, the sides o which are vertical and sufficiently thick to permit of vertical cylindrical perforations 9 being formed therein. These perforations form receptacles or chambers and are preferably equidistant apart, smooth-bored, and each one provided with an external port 10 and an internal port 11. Each port 10 is preferably provided with a gate 10', which is movably mounted in suitable guideways or channels formed in the wall at that point and extending along the sides of a recess above the port. The disk 7 is further vertically perforated by bore-holes 12, arranged in pairs and set on the same circle as the perforations 9, the holes of each pair being upon opposite sides of and equidistant from the center of its perforation. In the upper face of the disk 7 is formed a circular channel 13, with radiating branch channels 14 and 14 leading, respectively, to the perforations 9 and 12. Secured to or formed upon the peripheral circumference of .ICO

disk 7 is a material-supply trough l5, which .y

ing portion or horizontal fiange 22 and abovethe center of the revoluble disk a bored boss 23, into which projects the upper end of the vertical shaft 3. A dowel-pin 24 rmly connects the frame-piece and the shaft, forming an arch under which any part of the disk 7 may be progressively rotated. 'Secured to the lower side of the fiange 22 is a hanging.

bearing 25, Fig. 2, carrying a chilled-steel roller 26, the center of the axis of which is exactly over the center of each of the perforations 9 when such perforations are in position for the briquet to receive its final pressure. Rigidly mounted on the flange 22 at B, B2, and B3 is a circular frame-piece 27, which overhangs the disk 7, excepting about onefourth thereof commencing where the roller 26 is mounted. It is of the same diameter as the disk and is provided with downwardlyprojecting walls in which are formed camtracks 28 and an overhanging guide-track 29.

Rigidly mounted on the sole-plate 1 is a cam or undulating circular track 30, which is of the same external diameter as the disk 7 and so set in relation to such disk that the vertical walls of each are fiush one to the other.

Pivotally mounted on a pin or stud 33 is a lever 32, in the head or inner end of which is seated a chilled-steel roller 31. The upper face of the head is preferably flattened, as at 32 which together with the roller 31 forms a part of the track 30, as shown more particularly in Fig. 5. The free end of the lever is provided with a shiftable weight 32, by means of which the pressure to be applied to the briquets can be adjusted orregulated as desired or to suit the condition of the material being used. The axis of the rollers 31 is parallel with the axis of the roller 26 and vertically under it, so that when the perforations 9 pass between said rollers the axis of each of the perforations, if extended, would intersect the axes of the rollers substantially at their centers.

Rotatably and reciprocally mounted in the perforations 9 of the disk 7 are lower formerpistons 34, of steel, the upper ends of each piston being formed concave and preferably reinforced by a hardened tool-steel ring 34. In the lower end of each of thev pistons 34 is formed a chamber having therein a chilled concave steel plate 35, against which rest chilled-steel balls 36, forming a movable crown-bearing for a larger chilled-steel ball Above the smaller balls and steel plate is a lubricating-chamber for graphite and oil, and a channel 38 leads downward to such chamber. Around the lower end of the piston in the sleeve 34 is formed a concaved groove 38. Exactly above each one of the former-pistons 34 and rigidly secured to guide-pins 39, which slide in the bored ways 12, is a downwardly extending working former-piston 40, the lower e`nd of which is concaved, as shown, and the upper end fitted with ball-bearings the same as the lower ends of pistons 34, but housed in a rectangular head-block 41. Two of the opposite sides to the blocks 41 are provided with lugs 42 and 42 preferably by curving the under surface of said sides, which are adapted to be engaged by the cam-tracks 28, and thereby lift the blocks and pistons 41 upward as the disk is rotated.

Vertically mounted in the cam frame-piece 28 are two horizontally swinging briquetejector arms 43 43, which are curved and held by springs 43 in such a manner that their radius intersects the centers of the perforations 9, as shown in Fig. 6. The arm 43 is intended to be supplementary to arm 43 and is preferably provided with a depending flange 43 which will throw off any pieces of material that may fall on top of the disk 7.

Rigidly mounted on 'the sole-plate 1 are posts 44, 44 and 442. On the posts are headpieces 45, 45 and 452, in which is firmly held a circular bent rail 46. On the rail are mounted sliding clamp-blocks 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52, each provided with a lug which overhangs the material-supply trough 15. Pendent from the lugs and standing vertically within the trough next to its interior outer side are adjustable stems 53, 54, 55, 56, and 57, to which are adjustably attached stationa'ry plows 58, 59, 60, 61, and 62, respectively.

Extending from C to D aroundthe side of the disk 7 is a stationary iron deckel or shield 63, suspended from the framework above the disk and closely tting against the side thereof. It is preferably provided with a rib or flange 63" to give it the required stiffness or rigidity. At the head of the shield 63 near C is a pivoted and laterally-adjustable gate or wing-dam 64, which is of a less height than the top of the trough 15'and is supportedby the clamp-block 52.

l/Vithin the disk 7 and directly under the same,`but unconnected therewith, is mounted a steam-coil 65, Fig. 3 ,fitted with a sup.- ply-valve 66 and a drip or exhaust valve 67. There is also set up under and within the disk and unconnected therewith a steam-pipe 68, fitted with a nozzle 69 and shut-off valve 7 O;

On the downgrade of the lower cam-track 30 are formed flanges 71 and 71, in which are fitted stud-bolts 71, which are adapted to IOO IIO

engage with the grooves 38 and withdraw the pistonsto their lowest points as the disk is rotated. The bolts are adjustable, and those from the outside are adapted to hold the lower end of each piston toward the center `of the press, and thereby avoid undue friction at the point where the piston enters the lower face of the disk. The bolts are held in their adjustable position by ordinary jamnuts. An additional device for the prevention of this friction of the piston With the disk both in the descent and rise thereof is the inclined upper surface of the track 30, plainlyv shown at 30 in the cross-section of Fig. 7. This incline is greatest at the lowest point of track and from thence gradually resolves itself into a level at the highest point where the pistons only project slightly from the lower disk-surface. The percentage of gradual incline is so calculated that all drag and Hchatter of the pistons when in operation is avoided.

From the above description it is evident that when the disk 7 is rotated the former-pistons that are revolved or carried around with it will ride respectively on and under the stationary tracks or cams, and during the progress of such revolution will be lifted upward or forced downward agreeable to the rise or fall of these surfaces. Thus when pistons 34 reach the eXtreme front of the machine, as shown in Fig. 3, they are at the lowest point of the plane. When opposite the beveled pinion 17, Fig. 2, they are at the point where the press exercises its greatest pressure-viz., the upper and lower pressure-rolls are closer together than at any other two points of the lower track 3() and upper track 29, and the piston is directly therebetween, as shown in Fig. 5. i Further, when the pistons approach the upper cam-track 28, Fig. 3, they arey on the highest altitude of the lower track, and it is here that the finished briquets approach the ejector-arms hereinbefore described'.

When the former-pistons are at the lowest 'point of the track 30, their concaved upper end is somewhat lower than the bottom line of the charging-ports 10, Fig. 3, while at the highest altitude such end projects above the upper surface of the disk 7. At this highest point, commencing with a level plain and then descending gradually to the lowest point, the track 30 carries the two side lu s 71, (shown in Figs. 3 and 7,) which lugs are tted with adjustable bolts closely set together. When the former-pistons traverse the level plain of the track 30, the rounded ends of said 'stud-bolts engage the concaves 38 and so continue in contact during the descent of the pistons, thereby absolutely insuring the lowering of the pistons by fixed means and not by gravity alone, and also avoiding undue friction and chattering.

The upper former-pistons 40 have a more limited vertical motion than the piston 34,

which is controlled by four factors, as follows: First, they are pressed downward when rotating under the cam-track 27 second, they are forced downward When passing under the compression-roller 26; third, they are raised by the upward motion of the former-piston 34 after a briquethas been formed and is still held between the two pistons, and, finally, they are again raised by means of their conveX lugs and the cam-track 28, all of which motions are repeated with every rotation of the disk 7.

As heretofore stated, the material-supply trough 15.rotates with the disk, and within it stand theiiXed plows 58, 59, 60, and 62, all pointed toward the rotary moving force of the disk and trough with the moldboards curved toward the outer circle of the disk, all to the end that when the trough is steadily supplied with material for briquets this material in rotation will be constantly plowed turned over, and thrown against the disk, and forced into the piston-chambers by way of the ports 10. The exterior. of the trough is preferably covered with asbestos, so that no heat contained in the briquet materials may be lost by radiation. After passing the plows the material is engaged by the wingdam 64, which is pointed at a slight angle into the current of rotating material, and thereby diverts as much ofthe same into the ports as may be needed to completely fill the cylinderchambers before the shield closes the ports. Any surplus material will overow the wingdam, the top of which is lower than the sides of the trough, and the material within the ports is prevented from escaping by the shield.

When coal and bituminous cementitious materials are employed in the manufacture of briquets, the proper temperature of such material and of the forming-chambers and piston is of the utmost importance, and I propose to control such temperature by means of the steam devices shown. The piston and chambers must be ke t hot and clean, and this I effect by the use of steam from the pipe 68,'entering through the ports 11, the port being cored out upon its interior, so that the pistons are exposed to the heat all around.

After the briquets have been formed and successively presented on the top of formerpistons 34 to the ej coter-arms, the upper pistons 41 having been previously raised entirely clear of such briquets, they will be ejected outward by the arms, the second arm being -supplementary to the first.

The ball-bearing for supporting the disk and the compound ball-bearing in the heads of the former-pistons 34 and 41 are provided in order to reduce the friction to a minimum and to provide universal motion at the said piston ends and at the saine time assure perfect contact of all working parts when the pistons with briquet material between their IOO IIO

ends are passing under the compression-rollers 26I and 31.

By providing the lever with a shifting adjustable weight it is possible to secure the exact pressure needed to form perfect briquets from any certain material or combination of materials. By this arrangement of the lever a perfectly-solidified briquet may be produced even if the supply of briquet material entering the various pockets should diHer somewhat in quantity at times, as the lever will adjust and still maintain the pressure required. rIhe force exerted will be both upward and downward and simultaneous, and, further, such two forces will be deiiected toward the center of the briquet being formed, such deflection being general over the said surfaces. The resulting briquet will be hard and glossy on its entire surface.

The briquets are ejected as fast as made, and the press, as shown, and revolved at the rate of fifteen revolutions per minute, will produce seven tons of briquets per hour without undue wear upon the parts of the machine.

Although I have shown and described what I consider the best means for constructing a machine embodying my invention, it is evident that changes or alterations can be made therein, and I reserve the right to make all such modifications as will come Within the scope of my invention. For instance, by providing the channel 13 in the top of the disk with a suitable material the briquets may be provided or coated with a glaze, and by feeding the material to the upper end of the perforations after the lower plungers have commenced their descent, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, the capacity of the press may be increased, owing to the less amount of material that must enter through the ports 10 and the corresponding increase of speed at which the disk may therefore be driven.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble disk provided with a vertical, circular chamber therein and an external side port opening into the chamber and a lower internal port opening into the interior of said disk, from the said chamber.

2. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble disk provided with a series of vertical, circular chambers formed therein and in a circle concentric with the peripheryv ity of external and internal ported chambers, and means for cleaning and heating said chambers by Way of the internal ports.

5. In a briquet-press, the combination, with 'a revoluble chambered, ported and troughed disk, of stationary plows for throwing material into the chambers, a stationary shield, and an adjustable head-gate for diverting and packing material into the chambers and closing the ports thereof every time the chambers have been so filled.

6. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble, chambered, internally-ported disk, of means for heating and cleaning such chamber by way of said internal ports.

7. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble disk, chambered and provided with internal ports opening up into each chamber, and a steam-pipe with nozzle directed toward said ports, so that when the disk is rotated a jet of steam may be caused to enter the said internal ports and chambers. 8. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble disk provided with vertical chambers formed in the body thereof near its periphery, and a steam-heating coil placed within and under the disk to heat the same.

9. In a briquetress, the combination, with a revoluble dis r provided with vertical cylinder perforations and vertical guide-pin holes, and a circular oil-channel and radiating channels therefrom connecting with all of the perforations and holes.

l0. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a top former-piston, one end of which is concaved, the other terminating in a ballbearing, a head-block for said bearing, said block having formed on its bottom and two opposite sides, convex lugs and guide-pins projecting from said block.

11. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a revoluble chambered disk, with guideholes bored in the top thereof, top and bottom former-pistons in said chambers, guideins connected with the top pistons and sliding vertically in the holes, and means for imparting vertical motions to the former-pistons and guide-pins when the disk is rotated.

12. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a rotary member of a lvertically-movable rotary former-piston mounted therein, the lower end of which is provided witha ballbearing, a cam or undulated stationary track under the center of said piston, the upper track-surface of which is curved or inclined inward at some of its length and level at others, whereby when said piston is carried around in a circle by the disk and its ballbearing contacts with the said track-surface it will move upward and downward agreeable to the elevation and depression of such track, and its lower end will be held toward the center of rotation when it is moving on the inwardly-inclined part of the track.

13. In a briquet-press, the combination,

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with a rotary member, of a series of vertically-movable, rotary lower former-pistons mounted therein, a cam or-undulated stationary track under the centers of said pistons and having undulations and inclined surfaces, a pivoted fulcrum-head, a steel roller mounted therein and crosswise of the track, said fulcrum and roller being pivotally movable, but otherwise forming an integral part of such track.

14. In a briquetress, the combination, with a series of perip erally-depressed rotary `former-pistons, of an undulatory inclined track, flanges formed on the sides of a art of such track, adjustable bolts in said anges which engage in said depressions of the pistons at their eXtreme lower ends.

15. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a rotary pin-guided upper former-piston provided with a head-block, a ball-bearing in said block, an overhanging de resser-track formed over a section of the circ e of rotation of such piston and contactingby its lower surface with the ball-bearing in the headblock of the piston.

16. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a rotating upper former-piston, of conveX raising-lugs formed at the head of the piston, and a circular jaw-cam overhanging the circle of rotation of the piston and engaging the conveX lugs thereof, whereby said piston is raised from any briquet formed by 1t, and a lower former-piston.

17. In a briquet-press, the combination with a series of rotating upper former-pistons, each provided with a ball-bearing, of depression and elevating tracks and lugs, and a compression-roller set transversely to the circle of rotation of said pistons and above the same, whereby when the ball-bearing in the head-block of each piston, in passing under the roller, will encounter the same and be rotated and the piston will be depressed.

18. In a briquet-press, the combination,

with a lurality of vertically-arranged chambers, of) means for feeding material laterally thereto, and means for compressing said material within the chambers.

19. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a rotary member provided with a plurality of vertical chambers, each provided with a forwardly-inclined port, of means for feeding material laterall thereto, and plungers for compressing sai material within the chambers.

20. In a bri uct-press, the combination, with a flanged isk provided with a plurality of vertical chambers, each open at both ends and rovided with a port intermediate its length, of means for feeding material thereinto, reciprocatory plungers in each of said chambers, means for simultaneously moving said plungers in opposite directions to compress the material and means for discharging the complete briquets.

21. In a briquet-press, the combination, with a vertically-perforated rotary member, of means for feeding material thereto, two members in each perforation, the outer ends of which are each provided with a ball-bearing, inclined tracks for reci rocating the plungers, a lever, the head o which is fiat and recessed, a roller in said recess, said flat portion and roller forming a part of one of the tracks, a weight adjustably mounted on the outer end of said lever, and a roller in the other track, said rollers being so located as to be simultaneousl engaged by said plungers to give the fina compression to the briquets.

In testimony whereof I afIiX my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 31st day of August, 1905.

ROBERT Moaenrnnnn.`

Witnesses:

W. S. BOYD, W. E. CUMMINGS. 

